The Colosseum, also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre, is one of the iconic landmarks in Rome that has witnessed the rise and fall of the Roman Empire. It was built during the Flavian Dynasty, between 70-80 AD, under the reign of Emperors Vespasian and Titus. This architectural marvel, a testament to Roman engineering prowess, was primarily used for gladiatorial contests, public spectacles, and dramas based on Classical mythology. The Colosseum's exterior is a vast ellipse measuring 188m by 156m and reaching a height of more than 48 meter (159 ft). It was constructed with travertine limestone, tufa (volcanic rock), and brick-faced concrete. The facade of the Colosseum is made up of four floors; the first three have elegant arches framed by semi-columns of different styles (Doric on the first level, Ionic on the second, and Corinthian on the third), while the fourth floor sports composite pilasters and small square windows. The interior of the Colosseum, just as impressive, could hold an estimated 50,000 to 80,000 spectators at its maximum capacity. The arena itself was 83 meters by 48 meters (272 ft by 157 ft). It consisted of a wooden floor covered in sand to prevent the combatants from slipping and to absorb the blood from the fierce battles. Below the arena were a series of underground passages and rooms known as the 'hypogeum,' used to house gladiators, workers, and the exotic animals used in battles. In its heyday, the Colosseum represented the might of the Roman Empire, but it also witnessed brutality. Thousands of humans and animals met their end within its walls, often in gruesome spectacles of 'entertainment.' Over time, it has suffered damage from natural disasters, neglect, and vandalism, yet it stands tall, a symbol of Rome's eternal spirit. The Colosseum has been a site of Christian worship, a fortress, a quarry, and a symbol of the Italian capital's long, layered history. Today, it is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Rome, a poignant reminder of human history and culture. Interestingly, the Colosseum is also the world's largest amphitheater and is considered one of the greatest works of Roman architecture and engineering. It was included among the New Seven Wonders of the World, a fitting recognition for a structure that has stood for almost two millennia.